Paracetamol is mainly used as analgesic and antipyretic drug. This study was conducted to evaluate the binding property of Irvingia gabonensis gum (IGG) in paracetamol tablet formulations in the presence of either maize starch or microcrystalline cellulose as disintegrant. IGG was isolated by acetone precipitation of the filtrate from the maceration of the powdered seeds of Irvingia gabonensis (Irvingiaceae) in distilled water for 24 h. Paracetamol granules were prepared using the wet granulation method. They were produced by using various concentration of IGG as binder, maize starch or microcrystalline cellulose as disintegrants and lactose as filler. The different formulations of paracetamol granules were mixed with magnesium stearate and talc and compressed into the respective tablets. The tablets were evaluated based on uniformity of weight, tablet hardness, friability, disintegration time and in vitro drug release. The tablet hardness for the paracetamol tablet formulations ranged from 2.27±0.09 to 8.00±0.54 Kgf. The friability values ranged from 0.21 ± 0.04 to 3.40±0.10%. The disintegration time ranged from 3.00±0.10 to 23±0.50 min. Tablets from all the formulations released up to 70% of their paracetamol contents within 25 min. For all the formulations, as the binder concentration increased the rate of drug release decreased. For tablets prepared using IGG as binder; formulations that contain microcrystalline cellulose as disintegrant had better release profile than those prepared using maize starch as disintegrant. The study shows that IGG have good binding property. Paracetamol tablets formulated using IGG as binder have comparable hardness value but lower disintegration time than those formulated using maize starch mucilage as binder.

Introduction: Nocturnal enuresis, is night-time bedwetting in children five years of age or older, and is a common but disturbing condition causing psychological distress in affected children. Though not considered as a serious health problem, several treatment options are available. This paper presents a case of Nocturnal enuresis suffered by a 7-year-old boy who was successfully treated using Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) Protocols. Method: Case study method is used in the analysis of this case, by collecting data from patient medical records, healer’s records and patient’s parent feedback. Results: Within 14 days of YPV healing by the healer, gradually the frequency of urine pass at night sleep reduced. Also, it was found during follow up that the patient completely recovered and cured of this condition, and because of the holistic healing properties of YPV system and regular self- practices such as rhythmic breathing, forgiveness sadhana and Super-brain Asana, the patient grew up to be a normally healthy teenager without any health issues. Conclusions: Integrated and holistic healing properties of YPV system protocols have been helping thousands of people to overcome physical, mental and emotional issues with sustained results when practiced consistently. Further research on this topic using appropriate methodology and sample size is recommended. It will be highly beneficial for all frontline healthcare workers such as doctors and nurses to acquire a working knowledge of YPV healing practices in combination with their respective specialties to holistically treat patients for sustainable results of cure

Background: Celery (Apium graveolens), Aloe vera, and black cumin (Nigella sativa) are reported to have antidiabetic activity from various studies. The present study aimed to predict the active constituents of A. graveolens, A. vera, and N. sativa that able to interact to macromolecular targets of the antidiabetic agent, i.e. dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 enzyme (DPP4), protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B), glucokinase, as well as a-glucosides through molecular docking analysis, and predict their pharmacokinetic profiles. Methods: The chemical structures of each plant (from KNApSAcK webserver) had undergone molecular docking simulation using Autodock Vina in PyRx. ADME prediction was conducted by using SwissADME webserver. Results: The results showed that apiin (A. graveolens), rutin (A. vera), and quercetin 3-glucosyl-(1?2)-galactosyl-(1?2)-glucoside (N. sativa) had the best interaction to DPP4. While 4,8,5-Trimethylpsoralen (A. graveolens), 8-C-Glucosyl-(2-O-cinnamoyl)-7-O-methylaloediol A (A. vera), and nigellidine 4-O-sulfite (N. sativa) had the best interaction to PTP1B. Cyanidin 3-[6-(6-p-coumarylglucosyl)-2-xylosylgalactoside] (A. graveolens), isoaloeresin D (A. vera), and nigellidine 4-O-sulfite (N. sativa) had the best interaction to glucokinase. Luteolin (A. graveolens), aloeresin E (Aloe vera), and quercetin 3-glucosyl-(1?2)-galactosyl-(1?2)-glucoside (N. sativa) had the best interaction to a-glucosidase. Additionally, nigellidine 4-O-sulfite and 4,8,5-trimethylpsoralen were predicted to have good bioavailability score on SwissADME. Conclusions: A. graveolens, A. vera, and N. sativa contains chemical constituents those were predicted to havo good interaction to molecular target of the antidiabetics therapy, i.e. DPP4, PTP1B, glucokinase, and a-glucosides

Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections have become a common problem in hospital and community-acquired infections. This study was aimed at detecting the presence of mecA gene among Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from clinical samples obtained from 2 major hospitals in Sokoto, Northwestern Nigeria. A total of 95 non duplicate isolates were screened for confirmation using standard microbiological techniques. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was carried out by disc diffusion using Cefoxitin and resistant isolates were tested with different other antibiotics. All MRSA isolates were subjected to molecular analysis by detection of mecA gene based on PCR technique. Showed that, 42/95 (44.2%) were methicillin resistant. The most potent antibiotic was quinupristin/dalfopristin with 83.3% sensitivity followed by rifampicin with 81.0% and clindamycin with a 71.4%. The least activity was shown to be in fluoroquinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin with 78.6% of the isolates demonstrating resistance followed by, tetracycline and gentamycin with 64.3%, 61.9% and 61.9% respectively. Most of the MRSA isolates were resistant to more than three antibiotics.PCR showed 36(85.7%) harbored the mecA gene. Although, polymerase chain reaction is the gold standard for determining Methicillin resistance through the detection of the mecA gene, the present study phenotypically established the presence of methicillin resistant S. aureus isolates that are mecA negative. Therefore, interpretation of MRSA detection strictly based on mecA detection should be done with care in the study area.

Temporomandibular joint is the most unique joint in the whole body as it is two joints in one. It is a ginglymoarthrodial type of joint having a complex combination of rotation and translation movements to maintain normal form and function. Ankylosis refers to the intracapsular union of the components of the joint restricting the opening of the mouth and several physiological functions of the face. This report describes the multidisciplinary involvement in the surgical intervention for the treatment of TMJ ankylosis in a 35 year old male.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is widely used to treat hematological malignancies and nonmalignant hematological disorders. Many advances have been made in improving the success of bone marrow transplantation. However, lack of available matched related or matched sibling donors has posed a significant challenges to the availability and proper utilization of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with hematological malignancies. The rising availability of alternative donors, particularly haploidentical donors (HIDs), has propelled the rapid rise of allo-HSCT. The aim of this review is to highlight and evaluate the recent advances in the development of HSCT, focusing mainly on the selection of suitable hematopoietic stem cell donors, HID-HSCT and some current advances in the use of umbilical cord blood cells as an alternative graft source. Haplo-HSCT has shown a promising result and better outcomes due to the number of advantages, including a wide range of stem cell sources, increased GVL effects, improved immunologic reconstitution, and positive clinical outcomes. In the near future, haplo-HSCT is likely to be considered as a better option for patient donor selection particularly in AML patients while HLA matching is unlikely to be the most important factor in AML patient donor selection. In addition, the use of umbilical cord blood cells has shown a promising role as an alternative source of HSCT even with other available sources such as bone marrow and peripheral blood. Other transplantation procedures, such as T-cell depletion allografts, Post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCY), G-CSF-mobilized allografts, and antithymocyte globulin, have contributed to significant improvements in haplo-HSCT outcomes in recent decades.